Yarn awareness
veil
Cotton, polyester cotton, polyester, acrylic (imitation wool), wool, large chemical fiber, small chemical fiber, bamboo fiber, nylon (nylon), crystal silk
Li Sha
Spandex (polyester covered yarn, brocade covered yarn), elastic crystal silk
According to the thickness and elasticity, the size can include (2075, 3075, 4075, 2070, 3070, 4070, 20100, 30150), etc.
elastic band
Elastic bands include (nylon covered yarn, polyester covered yarn). Rubber threads are wrapped with nylon filament or polyester filament. Elastic bands can include (90#, 100#, 140#, 180#) etc. according to thickness and elasticity.
There is also a type of spandex called double-packed spandex. This spandex thread is very thin and elastic, and can also be used as elastic. This type of spandex is several times more expensive than ordinary spandex and elastic.
So a pair of pure cotton socks = cotton + spandex Spandex
Generally, the ratio of surface yarn to lining yarn of knitted socks is:
About 75% to 25%
For example, the socks label says: 72% cotton, 20% spandex, 5% nylon, 3% elastic.
Therefore, the yarn on the socks is pure cotton yarn, and we call it pure cotton socks.
Abbreviations and characteristics of commonly used yarns in socks
Carded cotton (C): 21S/C, 32S/C, 40S/C (commonly used yarns are 21 and 32) (S: count, number of roots)
Combed cotton (JC): 32S/JC, 40S/JC, 60S/JC (commonly used counts are 40 and 60)
Features: thin and soft, short fibers, different lengths, natural cotton luster, soft but not smooth.
Large and small chemical fiber yarn, also known as polyester yarn (TT): 10S/TT, 21S/TT, 32S/TT (polyester yarn is cheaper)
Large chemical fiber: short fiber made from PET chip spinning or melt direct spinning. It has the characteristics of good color, large batch number, stable strength, few defects, and good spinnability.
Small chemical fibers: spun from PET recycled materials, polyester bottle flakes, polyester recycled waste silk and waste, polyester foam materials, etc. The price and quality vary.
Features: Very comfortable feel, good elasticity, not easy to wrinkle, wear resistance second only to the best nylon, poor hygroscopicity, feels stuffy when worn, and quick-drying.
Acrylic yarn (A): 20S/A, 24S/A, 28S/A (usually mixed with a little wool to make imitation wool socks)
Features: The elasticity and bulkiness are similar to natural wool, and the warmth retention is not inferior to wool fabrics, even about 15% higher than similar wool fabrics. It has poor hygroscopicity, is easy to stain, and feels stuffy when worn.
Acrylic fiber is the trade name of polyacrylonitrile fiber in my country, and abroad it is called "Aolun" and "Cashmeron"
Cashmere-like acrylic has the smooth, soft and elastic feel of natural cashmere, with good warmth retention and breathability properties. It also has excellent dyeing properties of acrylic, making acrylic cashmere products more colorful, beautiful, delicate and smooth.
Nylon yarn (nylon) (PV)
Features: Strong and wear-resistant, ranking first among all fibers. Its abrasion resistance is 10 times that of cotton fiber.
The wear resistance, moisture absorption and elasticity are very good.
As a high-end synthetic raw material and its characteristics, nylon is mostly used in high-end sports socks and outdoor equipment.
Wool yarn (W)
Features: Soft, and the fibers are tightly interlocked with each other to form a ball, which can produce thermal insulation effect. Generally speaking, wool is creamy in color. Although it can be dyed, the overall color is darker due to the base color. There are also some types of wool that are naturally black, brown, etc. Wool is inherently hygroscopic and can absorb up to one-third of its weight in water
Bamboo fiber(B)
Features: Bamboo-cotton blended yarn with a bamboo fiber content of less than 30% is more suitable for socks
Bamboo fiber products have natural antibacterial, bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects
Bamboo raw fiber can be spun pure or blended, and can be spun into wool, linen, silk, cotton, colored or semi-worsted.
Not suitable for high temperature washing or machine washing, please hand wash at low temperature
Yarn characteristics: smooth and bright
Crystal silk/ice silk
Crystal yarn is a monofilament of nylon, used for weaving socks or knitting thin fabrics, which is soft, comfortable and breathable. It is a chemical called polyester, and we all call them transparent silk or bright silk.
Viscose fiber - also called ice silk and viscose filament. Viscose fiber is a regenerated cellulose fiber. It is made of natural cellulose.
Ice silk is the trade name of a chemical fiber. To be precise, it is a modified polyviscose fiber or a nylon or spandex blended fabric. This fiber has better hygroscopicity and air permeability than ordinary viscose fiber, and it also has comparative Good shape retention and drape.
The composition of crystal silk is 84% nylon and 16% spandex. Characteristics: Fine and smooth texture, excellent hand feel, strong drape, smoothness and anti-wrinkle. Because it has fine texture, good drape, slightly silky feel, is not easy to wrinkle, and is comfortable.
Mercerized cotton
High-woven yarn is made by worsted spinning, and then goes through special processing procedures such as singeing and mercerization to make high-quality mercerized yarn that is smooth, bright, soft and wrinkle-resistant.
It completely retains the excellent natural characteristics of raw cotton, and has a silky luster, and the fabric feels soft.
The strength of the yarn is increased and it is not easy to break
Mercerized cotton fiber products have good moisture absorption properties, soft hand feel and comfortable touch when in contact with the human body.
Cotton yarn is treated with concentrated caustic soda under tension, so that it has both the original characteristics of cotton and a silk-like luster.
Spandex (SP)
It has the best elasticity, the worst strength, poor moisture absorption, and good light resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, and wear resistance.
High elastic fiber. Spandex can stretch 5-7 times longer than the original shape, so it is comfortable to wear, soft to the touch, wrinkle-free, and can always maintain its original contour.
Based on the characteristics of spandex, it is widely used in sock weaving as lining and elastic layer.
Price differentiation of similar yarns:
A. Based on the count of similar yarns, such as 10 counts, usually the higher the count, the higher the price.
B. Based on the color of similar yarns, they are divided into five categories: extra white, light color (L), medium color (M), dark color (D) and hemp gray. Dark colors are the highest and special white are the lowest.
C. Based on the texture of similar yarns (the length of a single fiber, the texture of combed is better than that of carded), the texture of the yarn is uniform, the socks made are beautiful, and the yarn loss is small.
Socks price distinction:
A. Based on the color of socks: plain socks are cheaper than fancy socks.
B. Based on the number of needles in socks: they are divided into: 48N, 56N, 72N, 84N, 108N, 120N, 132N, 144N, 168N, 170N, 176N, 200N. Socks made with different needle numbers have different prices.
C. Based on the standard for making sock syringes: they are divided into single syringes and double syringes. Socks made from double syringes are more expensive than double syringes.
D. Different types of yarns of the same color are used as standards: commonly used yarns are divided into: cotton, cotton acrylic, polyester cotton, acrylic, large and small chemical fibers, nylon, crystal silk, etc.
In addition, because the dyeing process of blended yarn is more cumbersome than that of pure yarn, the price of colored cotton acrylic is more expensive than that of colored cotton yarn, the price of colored polyester-cotton is higher than that of colored cotton, and the price of colored acrylic is higher than that of polyester-cotton. The cheapest chemical fiber (polyester) is about 3/1 of colored cotton yarn.
E. Based on spandex lining: it is divided into nylon covered yarn and polyester covered yarn. Polyester covered yarn is cheaper than nylon covered yarn, and the finer it is, the more expensive it is.
Raw material identification
Cotton: close to the flame: no abnormality; contact with the flame: melting, light smoke, slow burning; leaving the flame: spontaneous combustion of sparks, odor: cotton burnt smell, residue characteristics: black ash, lightly twisted into powder
Polyester: close to the flame: melting; contact with the flame: melting, smoking, slow burning; leaving the flame: continue to burn, sometimes self-extinguishing; odor: special aromatic sweetness; residue characteristics: hard black beads
Nylon: Close to the flame: melting; Contact with the flame: melting, smoking; away from the flame: self-extinguishing; Odor: amino smell; Residue characteristics: hard light brown transparent beads
Acrylic fiber: close to the flame: melting; contacting the flame: melting, smoking; leaving the flame: continuing to burn, emitting black smoke; odor: spicy; residue characteristics: black irregular beads, brittle
Spandex fiber: close to the flame: melting and shrinking; contacting the flame: melting and burning; leaving the flame: self-extinguishing; odor: peculiar smell; residue characteristics: white gelatin.
